Digital Transformation in Learning: Analysis of the Impact of AI Use on Education Students’ Learning Outcomes

Abstract

Digital transformation in the world of education has presented artificial intelligence (AI) as a potential innovation in improving the quality of learning. This study aims to analyze the impact of AI use on student learning outcomes in higher education environments. The approach used is a mixed method with data collection techniques in the form of questionnaires, interviews, and documentation of learning outcomes. The sample consisted of 120 students of education study programs from two universities in Indonesia. The results of the study showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between the level of AI use and student learning outcomes, which was reinforced by the results of the ANOVA test and t-test with a p value <0.05. In addition, students' perceptions of AI were very positive, especially in terms of time efficiency, ease of understanding the material, and increased learning motivation. However, challenges such as potential dependency, weak critical digital literacy, and lack of AI integration in the curriculum still need serious attention.This study concludes that AI can be an effective facilitator of adaptive learning if supported by pedagogical policies and strengthening academic ethics. The implications of this study encourage the need to develop holistic and integrative AI-based learning models in higher education.