The Role of Pregnant Women's Nutrition in Stunting Prevention: Analysis of Dietary Patterns, Socio-Economic Factors, and Evidence-Based Nutrition Interventions

Abstract

Stunting is a global health problem that impacts the growth and development of children. This study aims to analyze the role of nutrition in preventing stunting with a focus on the diet of pregnant women. The research methods used include questionnaire surveys, in-depth interviews, and anthropometric measurements of pregnant women and infants. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests, including logistic regression to identify the main risk factors contributing to stunting. The results showed that an unbalanced diet during pregnancy, especially low protein and iron intake, was significantly associated with an increased risk of stunting in infants (p<0.05). In addition, socio-economic factors, such as family income and access to health services, also affect the nutritional status of mothers and infants. Recommendations based on the findings of this study include increasing access to nutritious food, community-based nutrition education, and socio-economic interventions to support high-risk families. The conclusion of this study confirms that maternal nutrition interventions are a key strategy in preventing stunting. Implementation of policies that focus on improving the nutritional quality of pregnant women is expected to significantly reduce stunting rates and improve the quality of life of children in Indonesia.